Term used by the Soviet dictator Stalin and his supporters to define their own views as the orthodox position of Marxism as a means of refuting criticism. It has subsequently been employed by other communist parties as a yardstick for ideological purity.
The star represents Islam and expresses peace, harmony, hope, and socialism. The tricolour is reminiscent of the flag of France, the former colonial power. The pan-African colours express unity with other African nations. Effective date: 25 August 1960.