Distinctive unit of sound from which a language is formed. For example, /t/ and /d/ are phonemes in English because they can be used to distinguish between two words, for example bad and bat.
Although the exact sound of /t/ varies with its phonetic context (see
phonetics). Phonetically, the /t/ in the words top and stop is different. These variants cannot be used to distinguish between two otherwise identical words. Sound variants that do not change meaning in a given language are called
allophones. The study of phonemes is called
phonology.
© RM 2012. Helicon Publishing is division of RM.