Variation of the frequency of a carrier wave in accordance with the signal to be transmitted. In FM the frequency of the carrier wave varies in accordance with the signal being transmitted. Its advantage over AM (amplitude modulation) is its better signal-to-noise ratio. It was invented by the US engineer Edwin Armstrong.
Black recalls the country's tragic past. White reflects the Georgians' hopes for the future. Dark red is the national colour and is said to represent happiness. Effective date: 14 November 1990.