Unit of absorbed radiation dose, now replaced in the SI system by the gray (one rad equals 0.01 gray). It is defined as the dose when one kilogram of matter absorbs 0.01 joule of radiation energy.
White was added to the flag to identify Bahrain as a friendly state. Red was the traditional colour of the Kharijite Sect. In 2002 the number of serrations were reduced to five, possibly representing the five pillars of Islam. Effective date: 19 August 1972.