Austrian composer. He wrote spare, enigmatic miniatures combining a pastoral poetic with severe structural rigour. A Renaissance musical scholar, he became a pupil of Arnold
Schoenberg, whose 12-tone system he reinterpreted as abstract design in works such as the
Concerto for Nine Instruments (193134) and the
Second Cantata (194143). His constructivist aesthetic influenced the post-war generation of advanced composers.
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