Capital of Santa Cruz department in central Bolivia, 550 km/342 mi southeast of La Paz; the second-largest city in the country; population (2001) 1,113,600. The surrounding area is fertile, producing sugar cane, soybeans, cotton, rice, maize, and coffee. It is a hub of transport and trade. Newly discovered oil and natural gas has led to the city's rapid development. It was founded by the Spaniard Nuflo de Chaves in 1561 as Santa Cruz de la Sierra. There is a university (founded 1880), and a cathedral.
© RM 2010. Helicon Publishing is division of RM.