Indian-born US biochemist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for his part in the interpretation of genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. In 1976 he led the team that first synthesized a biologically active gene. His work provides much of the basis for gene therapy and biotechnology.
Yellow stands for mineral wealth. Green represents the country's vegetation and natural resources. Red recalls the blood spilt during the liberation struggle. Effective date: 18 April 1980.