Name given by ancient Greek navigators to the Spanish peninsula, derived from the River Iberus (Ebro). Anthropologists have given the name Iberian to a Neolithic people, traces of whom are found in the Spanish peninsula, southern France, the Canary Isles, Corsica, and part of North Africa.
Yellow symbolizes the golden land of South America. Red stands for courage and the blood of the freedom fighters. Blue represents the ocean separating South America from Spain. Effective date: 17 February 1954.