How H1N1 flu is spread
The H1N1 flu virus is spread in exactly the same way as ordinary cold and flu viruses.
The virus is contained in the millions of tiny droplets that come out of the nose and mouth when someone coughs or sneezes.
These droplets typically spread about 1 metre (3 feet). They hang suspended in the air for a while, but then land on surfaces, where the virus can survive for up to 24 hours.
Anyone who touches these surfaces can spread the virus by touching anything else.
Everyday items at home and in public places may have traces of the virus. These include food, door handles, remote controls, hand rails and computer keyboards.
People usually become infected by picking up the virus on their hands from contaminated objects and then placing their hands near their mouth or nose. It is also possible to breathe in the virus if it is suspended in airborne droplets.
Good hygiene
Preventing the spread of germs is the most effective way to slow the spread of diseases such as swine flu:
- Ensure everyone washes their hands regularly with soap and water.
- Clean surfaces regularly to get rid of germs.
- Use tissues to cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.
- Put used tissues in a bin as soon as possible.
Why it spreads quickly
Evidence from previous pandemics suggests that one person will infect about two others, and that flu spreads particularly rapidly in closed communities such as schools or residential homes.
People are most infectious soon after they develop symptoms, although they can spread the virus for up to five days after the start of symptoms (for children this is seven days).
